(i) dNTP & ddNTP
dNTP used in DNA replication
ddNTP used in chain termination
Structural differences can also be shown
(ii) pBR322 & pUC19
pBR322-contains two antibiotic resistant genes
pUC19- contains MCS
(iii) M-13 & lambda phage
M-13: Circular and single stranded
Lambda phage: Linear double stranded
(iv) Cosmid & plasmid
Cosmid: having features of plasmid and cos sites of phage lambda
Plasmid: small, circular, extra-chromosomal self replicating naturally present in bacteria
(v) Transformation and transfection
Transformation: Cold CaCl2 treated competent bacterial cells to introduce rDNA
Transfection: Transfer rDNA into host cells by mixing foreign DNA with charged substances like calcium liposomes/calcium phosphate/DEAE dextran
